Bitcoin: The White Paper
Founder of Bitcoin Satoshi Nakamoto, November 2009
The original bitcoin thesis paper written by its pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto.

Who is the real Satoshi Nakamoto?
One researcher may have found the answer.

Nick Szabo on Essay’s, Papers and Concise Tutorials
Yes, it is also a good intro to the theory of cryptography as well.

Bitcoin Primer: What You Need to Know About the New Virtual Currency
Wall Street Journal, May 2013
FAQ that answers common questions related to bitcoin.

Bitcoin Glossary v0.2
GitHub
A comprehensive glossary of bitcoin-related terms. Particularly interesting for bitcoin miners.

Bitcoin: Overview
Khan Academy
A video that gives you an overview of the bitcoin ecosystem.

Top 10 Bitcoin Myths Debunked
Coindesk, June 2013
Coindesk’s on criticisms of bitcoin.

Bitcoin 101
Visua.ly
An infographic that explains how a bitcoin transaction works.